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The Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine is the medical school of the University of Iowa, located in Iowa City, in the U.S. state of Iowa. The first medical college associated with the University of Iowa was founded in 1850, in the small town of Keokuk, but the current Iowa City program can trace its roots to 1870. The program became notable as the first co-educational medical school in the United States, and was one of 22 original members of the Association of American Medical Colleges in 1876.〔 The College has a national reputation for excellence; in 2011, its primary care program was ranked 9th in the country, and its research program 26th by ''U.S. News & World Report''.〔 The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, where students train, also received positive marks from the report, ranking nationally in 13 specialties, including top ten rankings for orthopedics, ophthalmology and otolaryngology.〔http://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/university-of-iowa-hospitals-and-clinics-6620765〕 == History == The Iowa State Legislature approved plans for medical training on the main campus of the University of Iowa in 1868, and ten women were among the first class in 1870.〔http://www.uihealthcare.com/about/history.html〕 The first purpose-built university hospital did not open its doors until 1898, however, and the influential 1910 Flexner Report recommended the school either reform substantially or close its doors, calling it a "well-intentioned but feeble institution."〔http://www.carnegiefoundation.org/sites/default/files/elibrary/Carnegie_Flexner_Report.pdf〕 However, the report was optimistic as to Iowa's potential, seeing it "in position to duplicate the honorable record which the University of Michigan has, under similar circumstances, made at Ann Arbor."〔 Over the next decade, Iowa responded to the report's challenges. The UI hospitals' clinical capacity was increased tenfold, from 50 to 500 beds, and in 1919, the legislature passed the Haskell-Klaus Act, which provided state-paid medical care to all poor children and adults. In 1922, the Rockefeller Foundation gave the University $2.25 million, with state matching funds, to build a new University Hospital on the west campus, where the modern hospital buildings remain today. Statewide ambulance service began in 1932, allowing all Iowans access to the UI hospitals.〔 By the middle part of the 20th century, medical research at the University of Iowa began making an impact. In 1939, Iowa researchers developed modern blood banking and UI hospitals became the first in the world to develop a successful method of freezing human sperm, leading to a live birth in 1952. Other innovations from this period include the first human EEG recordings, first description of how blood is supplied to the prostate gland, the Ponseti Method of surgical treatment of clubfoot, and one of the world's first heart-lung machines.〔http://www.uihealthcare.com/about/firstandonly.html〕 In 1998, the UI hospitals were certified as a Level I Trauma Center with pediatric commitment by the American College of Surgeons. In 2002, in recognition of $90 million in total contributions, the UI College of Medicine was renamed after Roy J. Carver and his widow, Lucille A. Carver.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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